ATM Card vs. Debit Card: What’s the Difference?

You might have to consider ATM card vs. debit card when opening a new bank account. But many people consider these two cards the same and use the names interchangeably. However, they are different types of cards with distinct purposes and functions.

In this article, we’ll discuss the similarities and differences between ATM cards and debit cards as well as the benefits of each. The distinction is important when it comes to making purchases, withdrawals, and sales. 

ATM Card vs. Debit Card: Similarities

Both ATM cards and debit cards are rectangular pieces of plastic issued by your bank and tied to your checking and savings accounts. This means that they can both be used at an ATM with a PIN to check account balances, transfer funds, withdraw cash, and even make deposits. 

ATM Fees

The fee structure for both is also similar. Both ATM cards and debit cards can be used on any ATM machine. But you can incur ATM usage fees on machines outside of your bank’s network. Many times, ATM usage fees are waived at ATMs that are in-network. But banks can charge fees to cover the cost of communication with an out-of-network ATM. And the owner of the out-of-network ATM machine can impose a surcharge fee on top of that.

Overdraft Fees

You can also incur overdraft fees with each card. Usually, overdraft protection is not automatic—it’s a service you opt into. Overdraft protection service allows you to make purchases and withdrawals beyond your account balance. However, there is a fee charged each time the bank covers the difference.

It isn’t a good idea, however, to rely on overdraft protection service as it is offered only at the bank’s discretion. For example, you might only be covered up to a certain dollar amount, a certain number of transactions, or not at all if you are considered high risk. This can happen if you make too many transactions into overdraft or if you maintain a negative balance that is too high or that is negative for too long.

There is another type of overdraft protection that rolls funds over from your savings account. This protection can be extended to both ATM card and debit card usage if you opt in. There is still a fee for the bank making this transfer on your behalf. However, the FDIC assures it is usually lower than a typical overdraft fee. Savings accounts are also limited to 6 withdrawals per month. 

If you reach your balance limit or are denied overdraft coverage for any of the reasons listed above, both an ATM card and debit card transaction will be declined.

ATM usage is where the similarities end. While both ATM cards and debit cards can be used to access your bank accounts at an ATM, only a debit card can be used to make purchases and payments.

ATM Card vs. Debit Card: Differences

Although ATM cards and debit cards can both be used at ATMs, only debit cards can be used to make purchases. That is why you will see a payment processing network logo, like MasterCard or Visa, on a debit card but not on an ATM card. ATM cards are also limited to national use while debit cards can be used internationally.

So, debit cards are much more common than ATM cards. Debit cards have a much wider range of uses. They can be used at ATMs, for point of sales (POS) transactions, and for paying bills. In 2021, over 80% of Americans aged 15 and older had a debit card.

Debit cards are electronic versions of checks. When you make a purchase with your debit card, the funds are immediately taken out of (or debited from) your checking account. So you should always keep a register of your transactions to ensure you don’t spend more than your account balance.

You can also, however, run your debit card transaction as a credit transaction. All this really does is postpones the debit. A debit transaction made using your PIN number will automatically deduct the funds from your account. Bypassing the PIN for a credit transaction, on the other hand, will take it a few days to process. It might even require a signature.

So which is better: an ATM card vs. debit card?

ATM Card vs. Debit Card: Benefits

Since ATM cards and debit cards have distinct purposes, they also have specific benefits. Here, we’ll consider the benefits of each from a few different perspectives.

Consumer

From a consumer perspective, it is risky to carry either an ATM card or a debit card. Since they are both directly linked to your bank accounts, if they are lost or stolen, then more of your funds are at risk. So, it could be safer to use an ATM card a few times a month to withdraw the cash you need temporarily and leave your card in a safe place the rest of the time.

This can also make it easier to budget, and it can prevent overdraft fees or card declines. Using cash can help make it easier to spend only what’s available without the inconvenience of physically having to document each transaction.

You can do the same with a debit card, of course. It just might be tempting to end up using your debit card for transactions as well which can cause money management issues. Withdrawal limits are also typically higher on a debit card than on an ATM card. So if something happens to your debit card, more of your funds are at risk.

However, you will need a debit card to pay certain bills. If you are enrolled for any online bill payments, you will need to provide a debit card number. 

Could you have both cards? Absolutely. Just ask your bank. And make sure you understand the fee structure because each card will have it.

Merchant

As a merchant, you can only accept debit cards, or cards associated with a network like MasterCard or Visa, as a form of payment. However, if you have an ATM machine on-site, ATM cards could bring you more surcharge income if customers have to withdraw cash to make purchases or payments. 

It can be disappointing to turn away a customer who only has an ATM card. But hopefully you can direct them to an ATM machine in your store. This is one of many reasons why it’s a good idea to have an ATM machine on-site—you experience less missed sales.

ATM Owner

As an independent ATM deployer (IAD), you reap nothing but benefits from both ATM and debit cards. When either is used on your ATM to make a withdrawal, you earn the surcharge fee. Of course, the same concept applies: if someone has a debit card, they might not need an ATM if they can simply use the card to make a purchase.

Conclusion

ATM cards and debit cards are both convenient ways to access your bank accounts at any time. You avoid being restricted to bank hours or facing long teller lines. However, if you are looking for a card you can use to make purchases or pay bills online, you are going to need a debit card. Especially if you don’t have a credit card.

ATM cards do not offer as much functionality as a debit card. Therefore, most banks will automatically issue you a debit card when you open a bank account. In the past, you might have received an ATM card initially. 

The preference is up to you. But remember that even though you and others might refer to debit cards as ATM cards, the two do have distinct purposes.