Tag Archive for: atm operators

How Do ATM Machines Work?

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An ATM machine is a self-service banking terminal that allows users to perform basic financial transactions without the need for a human teller. Anyone can own and operate an ATM machine, not just banks. But how do ATM machines work?

Aside from the actual technical functions of an ATM machine, you might be wondering how an ATM can work to make you money. In this article, we’ll not only explain the inner workings of ATM machines but also how they can work for you.

How Do ATM Machines Work: Technical Components

Most ATM machines are composed of 5 main components: card reader, keypad, display screen, cash dispenser, receipt printer. If you’ve ever used an ATM before, you’re probably familiar with most of these parts. However, as the owner and operator of an ATM machine, they can take on a new meaning as it is your responsibility to keep them functioning smoothly. 

Card Reader

The card reader reads the magnetic stripe or chip on a debit/credit card to access the user’s account information. Card readers must meet certain compliance standards, and they change periodically as technology and security measures evolve. 

Keypad

The 3×4 (standard numeric) keypad is where users enter their PIN and select transaction options. There are a few keypad variations to support different security standards, user needs, and regulatory environments. However, most keypads in the United States have standard features. 

For example, metal keypads are common because they are more difficult to tamper with and overlay. Privacy shields help prevent “shoulder surfing”. And ADA compliance requires that the keys have tactile symbols (like a raised dot on the 5 key), high contrast markings, and auditory output.

Finally, Encrypting PIN Pads (EPPs) are the industry standard. EPPs are tamper-resistant keypads that encrypt the PIN internally before sending it to the ATM processor. They are required by PCI PTS standards to maintain compliance. If tampered with, the self-destruct feature automatically erases encryption keys.

Display Screen 

The display screen shows the instructions and transaction details. ATM display screens come in a variety of types and configurations, depending on the machine’s age, purpose, location, and technology level. These screens serve not just as user interfaces but also as a platform for branding, advertising, and accessibility.

Older screens are monochrome LCD screens. They display in black-and-white or grayscale, have low resolution, and do not have touchscreen capability.

Color LCD screens are the most common type in modern ATMs. They range from 7-15 inches in size. They can support simple graphics, animations, and branding. And resolution might vary from basic VGA to high-definition.

Touchscreens allow users to interact directly with the screen without the need for physical navigation buttons. Touchscreens are common in newer ATMs and can only be used for navigation; PIN entry must still go through a certified EPP unless the screen is PCI-certified.

Outdoor ATMs or drive-up terminals might have sunlight-readable or anti-glare screens. They use transflective LCDs, anti-glare coatings, or high-brightness backlights and help ensure visibility in direct sunlight.

Privacy screens are made of integrated filters that narrow the viewing angle. This allows only the user directly in front of the ATM to read it. These are often used at walk-up indoor ATMs in high-traffic areas.

Finally, voice-assisted screen interfaces combine a visual screen with audio prompts via a headphone jack (for ADA compliance). These are used by visually impaired users to navigate via voice and tactile keypad input.

Cash Dispenser 

The cash dispenser presents cash to the user based on their requested amount. It draws from secure containers called cassettes, each of which holds a single denomination of currency (e.g., $20 bills, $50 bills).

Most ATM machines have only one or two cassettes, so they can only offer one or two denominations in withdrawals. This is why you might see withdrawal options on some machines only in $20 increments—those machines have one cassette that only dispenses twenty dollar bills.

The cash dispenser uses rollers, sensors, and error-checking systems to ensure the correct number of bills is dispensed, bills are not stuck together, and counterfeit or damaged notes are rejected. If there’s a jam or error, the transaction is logged, and the cash is typically returned to a reject bin inside the ATM rather than being lost.

Receipt Printer

The receipt printer prints a paper record of the user’s transaction. Details might include the transaction type, date and time, location, account balance, and a confirmation number. ATMs can also be programmed to print custom messages (like a thank you) and/or include location-specific offers, coupon codes, or branded ads to drive customer engagement or encourage repeat transactions.

Most ATM receipt printers use thermal printing technology. No ink is required, just special heat-sensitive paper. This helps reduce maintenance but requires the correct thermal paper rolls. As the owner/operator of an ATM machine, it is your responsibility to purchase the receipt paper and make sure the machine is always stocked and free of paper jams. 

For all of these parts to function, the ATM machine must be plugged into a power source and connected to the internet. The internet connection is how the machine communicates with the user’s bank and the credit card networks to verify user information and approve or deny the transaction.

How Do ATM Machines Work: Compliance Requirements

ATM card readers must follow a set of standards and regulations to ensure security, interoperability, and fraud prevention. It’s especially important for both bank-owned ATMs and Independent ATM Deployers (IADs) to meet certain industry standards to protect users and participate in card networks (like Visa, Mastercard, etc.).

EMV Compliance

Card readers must be EMV compliant. EMV stands for Europay, Mastercard, and Visa. Basically, this is the term applied to cards with chips. Chip-enabled cards are more secure than cards with only a magnetic stripe and are therefore required in most regions to reduce card-present fraud. All ATM machines have to be able to accept and read chip cards. 

PCI DSS Compliance

PCI DSS stands for Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard. This applies to any system that handles cardholder data, which includes ATM machines. ATMs must encrypt card data during and after reading it and therefore must maintain compliance.

PCI PTS

PCI PTS refers to PIN Transaction Security. This compliance regulation focuses specifically on secure PIN entry and encryption. ATMs must use approved PIN entry devices (PEDs) that protect against skimming and PIN compromise. Hardware must be certified to resist tampering or keylogging to be compliant.

ADA and Accessibility Compliance

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a United States law that requires certain accommodations for citizens who would not otherwise be able to benefit from services. To comply, ATMs must include Braille instructions, voice guidance via headphone jack, and specific wheelchair reach height requirements for all keys and functions. ADA compliance is a legal compliance requirement for ATMs that handle cards.

It is important to understand that there are penalties for non-compliant ATM machines. For example, the machine could be excluded from card networks like Visa, Mastercard, and Discover. The ATM owner could be held liable for any fraudulent transactions made on a non-compliant machine. And the machine can be fined and/or shut down altogether. Penalties aside, failure to comply with regulations exposes users to a higher risk of card skimming or data theft.

How Do ATM Machines Work: The Process

The process of using an ATM machine is very simple. The whole point of ATM machines is convenience, so any cardholder has to be able to use it easily. Here is how it typically works:

First, the user inserts the debit or credit card into the machine. The ATM reads the account number from the card’s chip. The user enters the card’s 4-digit PIN using the keypad. Then, the ATM encrypts this information and sends it to the user’s bank for verification. 

Once the information is verified, the user can select the desired transaction (withdraw cash, check balance, etc.). The ATM then sends a request to the bank through a secure network like Visa or Mastercard networks. At this point, the bank approves or denies the transaction based on the user’s account status and balance. If approved, the ATM performs the transaction (dispenses the withdrawal amount or prints a balance receipt).

The machine keeps a record, and the transaction updates the user’s account in real time. Finally, the machine prints a receipt and ejects the card.

How Do ATM Machines Work: Security Measures

ATMs would not be successful if consumers did not absolutely trust them with their sensitive financial data and access to their accounts. So there are a number of measures ATMs take to uphold the utmost security.

First, all PINs and data are encrypted during transmission. There are also anti-skimming tools that many machines use to protect against devices that are designed to steal card data. Timeouts also help protect users by automatically ending sessions after a certain period of inactivity. 

The cash inside the ATM machine is secured with a lock and key or an eLock with an electronic passcode. Some machines might be equipped with a GPS tracker to protect against the removal of the machine. Finally, most ATM machines are under camera surveillance and monitored to help prevent fraud, theft, tampering, and vandalism.

How to Make Money with ATM Machines

Knowing how ATM machines technically work makes it easier to understand how to make money with one. You can charge users a surcharge fee in exchange for the service your ATM provides. If a user needs cash and doesn’t want to travel to their nearest bank ATM, they can conveniently access their account from your machine for a mere 3 or 4 dollars (or whatever surcharge amount you set). 

But keep in mind, you can only make money with an ATM machine if it’s compliant and functioning properly. It is your responsibility as the owner/operator to ensure it is always stocked with cash, powered, connected to the internet, and free of any technical issues.  

How Do ATM Machines Work? Now You Know

In conclusion, for ATM machines to work seamlessly, there are a number of working parts and conditions that must all be properly in place. Furthermore, as an ATM owner/operator, the better your ATM machine works and the more often, the more money you stand to make. 

It’s important to understand at least generally how ATM machines work before you get into business with one. However, compared to many other businesses, understanding ATMs is relatively simple. Plus, if you work with a company dedicated to customer service like ATMDepot, you are never at a loss for support and resources. 

If you are interested in making semi-passive income with ATM machines, it’s easy to get started today! Still have questions? Don’t hesitate to contact us. We know all there is to know about how ATMs work!

How to Become an ATM Owner Operator

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Want to become an ATM owner operator and earn semi-passive income? Well there is more than one way to do it. And that’s great news. It means you’ve got options. This article will cover a few avenues that can get you a semi-passive income stream. Consider your situation, your resources, and your goals to determine which path to ATM ownership is right for you.

What Is an ATM Owner Operator?

“Owner” and “operator” are two distinct terms in the ATM industry. You can be one or the other or both. Here’s what each role looks like:

The ATM owner decides who shares in the revenue. This might include the equipment owner, the location owner, a referrer, a partner, a cash vaulter, etc. The ATM owner completes a payee form with a processing company, like ATMDepot. This tells them how much to deposit into whose account.

The ATM operator is typically the person who is responsible for loading it with cash (also known as the ATM vaulter). They are also responsible for handling any service issues, balancing of funds, and maintaining the relationship with the location.

The terms “ATM owner” and “ATM operator” are sometimes used interchangeably. That’s because oftentimes individuals will purchase equipment that they plan on installing and managing day-to-day. So sometimes the owner and operator are one in the same individual. However, there are situations where an ATM business owner, group of individuals, or a company own the actual ATM while someone else manages the day-to-day operations.

Keep reading to find out what each of these situations might look like.

How to Become an ATM Owner Operator as a Business Owner

If you are already a business owner and have a physical store, restaurant, salon, etc., you can become an ATM owner operator on top of that. You might find that having an ATM on site can encourage more cash transactions, impulse purchases, and tips. An ATM machine can improve customer service by offering this extra convenience. And, on top of that, you make surcharge revenue with minimal effort.

There are two routes to getting an ATM machine in your business: buy an ATM machine or get a free ATM placement.

Buying an ATM Machine

If you want to be a true ATM owner operator, you need to purchase your own machine and bear responsibility for its operation. Our ATM Start-Up Kit provides you with information about our ATM processing program, pricing and brochures for our best-selling machines, the paperwork to ensure your compliance with operating the ATM, and a bonus ATM Business Start Guide to help walk you through the paperwork and documentation.

Review the kit, send us your completed paperwork, and you’ll be ready to place your order for your very own ATM machine. It can be delivered to your business, you can install it yourself or hire a technician, and once it’s got power and connection to all networks, you’re in the ATM business! Sit back and start earning revenue from the surcharge fee that you determine.

Free ATM Placement

The free ATM placement program offers you all the benefits of having an ATM machine on site without all of the responsibility. Once you send in your ATM Placement Request, ATMDepot will search our repertoire of well-established and certified independent ATM deployers (IADs) for a representative of ours in your area. Then, once we find one, we put you in touch.

The IAD will be able to place an ATM in your store for free. In addition, they will assist you with whatever ATM services you’d like provided. This might include filling the machine with cash and/or maintaining updates and cleanliness. You will work together to draft an agreement that stipulates the responsibilities of each party and the corresponding surcharge share.

As a store owner, you have to decide how much time you’re willing to put into an ATM machine at your establishment. Are you willing to fill it with cash? Will you be able to take time out of running your business to fix an ATM error if one occurs? Do you have time to keep the machine cleaned? Are you willing to keep it up-to-date with the latest software?

If you are equipped and prepared to take on the responsibility of owning and operating an ATM machine from your store, you can reap the many benefits including the entirety of the surcharge revenue. If you decide that you want an ATM on site but don’t want to commit to the work of operating it, you can find an IAD who will take care of the parts of the operation you don’t want to do for a share of the surcharge revenue.

Independent ATM Deployers (IADs)

IADs are typically sole proprietors who purchase, place, and may or may not operate ATM machines. As an IAD, you get to choose which parts of the business you like and which you don’t.

For example, you can purchase ATM equipment, find a location to place it in, install it, maintain it, stock it with cash, and enjoy the surcharge revenue (which you set) as compensation for your hard work.

Or, you can hire out any of those tasks to someone else for a fee or share of the surcharge revenue. In most cases, IADs identify a location that has a need for ATM service, approach the location owner to discuss placement options, and upon agreement the two parties work together to establish a contract that outlines the responsibilities, surcharge share, and other specifics pertaining to the shared interest.

There are three main routes to becoming an IAD: purchase and place equipment yourself, purchase established routes, or get matched with and take over an existing location.

Purchase and Place Equipment Yourself

This route is the most common and pretty much looks like the example above. You don’t need anyone’s permission to purchase an ATM machine. However, getting it up and running takes some paperwork and documentation.

As long as you pass a background check, get the appropriate bank account set up, and find a location that wants an ATM machine on site, you can install and operate that machine that you bought and own.

You determine (sometimes with the help of the location owner) the surcharge fee. You earn the revenue minus any share you might have negotiated for the placement. And, of course, you can handle the cash needs and vaulting, or you can pay someone else to. It is your machine and you can operate it however you see fit in mutual agreement with the location owner.

Purchase Established Routes

Sometimes, entire established routes will come up for sale. This means that someone else has placed machines in a number of locations and no longer wants to operate them.

You can find ATM routes for sale with a simple internet search. Search “ATM routes for sale + zip code” or expand your search to include a whole city. It just depends on how far you are willing to travel. You can also sometimes find routes in ATM Facebook groups and communities.

The good thing about purchasing an established route is that you don’t have to spend time negotiating locations. The machines are already installed and operating, too, so there is little to no downtime when taking over control. However, this avenue requires a lot more startup capital. You need enough to cover the cost of the equipment and the cash to vault all machines on the route.

Take Over a Single Location

Businesses that want an ATM machine on site can own and operate their own or participate in an ATM placement program. The placement program pairs businesses with an IAD in their area who can take over operation of the location’s existing machine or who owns and operates their own.

So instead of researching, contacting, and pitching location owners on the prospect of an ATM placement, in some cases the locations come to you.

If you are in Facebook business groups and communities, you might come across these opportunities. ATMDepot, for example, shares opportunities on our Facebook page when an ATM owner expresses their need for an ATM operator.

If you see “ATM Operator Needed,” for example, check the city and state to ensure the opportunity is local. The ad will include the type of location (convenience store, adult store, smoke shop, etc.), the duties required, and contact information for expressing your interest.

Getting Started as an ATM Owner Operator

Regardless of which path you choose, you will want to learn everything there is to know about owning and operating an ATM machine before you get started. The knowledge you have over another ATM owner could be the reason a location owner chooses to work with you over someone else. We have a list of resources to help you get started:

ATM Machine Business Start-Up PDF

First is a free PDF about the ATM machine business. This 17-page ATM Machine Business Start-Up PDF is an informative document for those entering the ATM machine industry.

How to Start and Grown an ATM Business: The Ultimate Side Hustle

Second, How to Start and Grow an ATM Business: The Ultimate Side Hustle is ATMDepot.com CEO Noah Wieder’s latest updated version of his original best-selling ATM business book on Amazon, The Amazing Money Machine. It is an intricately detailed description of how to profit from an ATM business.

ATMDepot.com Member’s Area

A third resource is the ATMDepot.com Member’s Area. This online Member’s Area features time-saving documents, informative audio, and helpful how-to and other videos that teach, support, and help you grow your ATM business. Get access to sales scripts, videos, and an editable sample ATM Business Contract.

Here, you can find information on how the business works, what to do when your first ATM arrives, and time-saving tips on how to speak with merchants and acquire locations. The ATMDepot Member’s Area includes many more resources to assist you. We just launched the Member’s Area Pro which features a comprehensive 9-step training system to help you get started on your ATM business journey. If you’re really serious about starting an ATM business, our Member’s Area is for you.

ATM Business Facebook Groups

Finally, join the ATM Business Entrepreneurs Facebook group and/or the ATM Depot-ATM Business HQ group. In the group, we post educational content and tips about the ATM business. Join today for free inside information, free camaraderie, and free networking.

Are You ATM Owner Operator Material?

Now you know what the path to becoming an ATM owner operator can look like. Hopefully, you also have an idea about which path to pursue. Consider the potential opportunities in your area, your budget, and your overall goals to help direct you. Do your research, purchase your equipment, and get in business! Becoming an ATM owner operator is as simple as that.

If you still have questions, don’t hesitate to contact us here or on Facebook! We’re happy to welcome you to the ATM owner operator community.

How To Ensure You Profit From Your ATM

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Ensure You Profit From Your ATM

So you have an ATM, but do you even know if you’re making any real profit? Some ATM operators consider the additional money spent in their location as profit but you may want to know the actual profit from the machine.

Do not become a business owner that buys an ATM and never calculates whether or not profits are being made. That’s no way to run a business. It’s a good idea to figure out how much you make a month and year so that you know the value of your investment.

When you don’t feel like you’re making as much profit as possible then you may want to consider ways to get more people to withdraw cash from your ATM. There are a few things you can do to encourage more customers to use your ATM.

How Much was the ATM?

Using the cost of the machine and how much profit you make from it monthly you can quickly see your ROI (your return on investment). Most business owners simply pay cash or use a credit card to finance the ATM (they aren’t that expensive anymore) so calculating ROI is fairly straight forward. While you can take advantage of depreciation and amortization as a piece of business equipment, you should also calculate how long it actually takes to recoup your investment.  We’ve seen busy ATM’s have an ROI of less than 1 month, while slower machines can take 6 – 12 months, which is still a fantastic ROI.

When you figure out how long it is going to take to pay off what you paid for the machine (your ROI) you’ll get a better understanding of when you will make a real profit. It should not take longer than a year to pay off what you invested to get the machine. Most business owners are able to pay off or recoup the investment in the ATM within a year.

Big factors include how much business you generate and the location of your machine. Make sure that your ATM is in a place people can easily find it. Consider putting your machine near the front of your store so people will be more likely to come in and use it if they need quick cash and don’t forget to load the ATM everyday.

How Much Does It Cost to Operate an ATM?

The factors that add to the operational cost of an ATM include communication (phone, internet or an ATM wireless device), a little electricity, and paper for the receipts.  All this added together is probably less than $0.85 per day.

Are you Keeping Track of the Money Going In and Out of Your ATM?

Most retail business ATM operators load cash daily similar to a cash register. So you should balance daily if you can. Otherwise, you can use the trial cassette close functions and online balance functions to track or count the money in the machine daily if possible. Whenever you or someone else loads the machine make your you have procedures in place to keep track of the funds. If you trust someone to load the ATM for you, be sure they keep a ledger or journal and make sure funds balance. This helps keep track of the money to ensure that you are not losing or missing any cash. Some people are tempted to think you’ll never miss a $20 bill here or there, so the last thing you want to realize is that someone you trust has been stealing a $20 here or there for a few months. Twenty dollars here and there might go unnoticed but it could add up.

You should be able to trust your employees but caution is always good to practice. Use the printer balance functions and put the receipts in envelopes and balance to the online system whenever you load or do your closeouts.

Are You Advertising that You Have an ATM?

A few signs, one for inside the store and a couple to put outside can make a big difference. Make your ATM very easy to find once people get inside. Post a big sign outside that reads “ATM Inside” so that people will know if they need cash all they have to do is walk into your store. Place another sign in close proximity to your store that notifies people there is an ATM within walking distance. A small investment into signs can go a long way and help you generate a lot of more profits on a weekly basis.

Another way to generate more ATM usage is to offer specials or coupons on the ATM receipt.  Most of the late model ATM machines make it easy to offer your customers extra value for using the ATM. If you have coupons in other publications, advertise those. You can also make deals with neighboring stores to advertise their store on your ATM if they advertise your store. You can also offer a coupon good for a special during their next visit.  There are lots of other ways to make your ATM more profitable. Want more tips on how to profit from your ATM, give us a call.

Senate Passes ATM Fee Disclosure Bill H.R. 4367

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Senate Passed ATM Fee Disclosure Bill

It was announced late Tuesday evening, December 11, 2012 that the Senate passed bill H.R. 4367, the bill to end the ATM dual fee notification requirement under Regulation E and protect ATM operators from frivolous lawsuits.

This bill will now be passed on to President Obama and will be effective upon his signature.

Note that it is still critical that signage be affixed to every ATM Machine and photo’s be taken with date-stamp (to keep on file) should any lawsuit be filed prior to the bill becoming law.  Proof of installed placards (signage) is your security to prove you installed it and vandals or others removed it to file the suit.  ATM operators must continue to protect themselves until this bill actually becomes law.  Visit our blog to keep informed of any new development.

For a rundown of Regulation E and Bill 4367 watch the presentation below.