Bank Branch Closures and What They Mean for ATM Owners

Bank branch closures have been accelerating across the United States for decades. The trend continued last year as banks in the U.S. closed hundreds more branches than they opened. Banks are consolidating physical locations at a rapid pace because of rising operational costs, shifts toward digital banking, and changes in consumer behavior. While bank branch closures create certain challenges for some communities, it also presents opportunities for ATM owners.

Understanding how branch closures affect cash access, transaction volume, and placement strategy is critical for anyone operating or considering investing in ATMs. Here is why banks are closing and how it might affect you as an ATM owner.

Why Bank Branches Are Closing

Several factors contribute to widespread bank branch closures. First is the overwhelming shift to digital banking. Because consumers can use mobile apps, online bill pay services, and remote check depositing, foot traffic to banks has significantly decreased. 

Furthermore, maintaining brick-and-mortar locations is expensive, especially in low-traffic or rural areas. Therefore, branches struggling to cover these expenses are forced to close; others may close simply to reduce operating costs. 

It becomes more difficult for branches to justify high operating costs when foot traffic declines. Accelerated by the pandemic, customer habits have changed in recent years. Consumers have become accustomed to and increasingly prefer self-service and on-demand access to banking services over in-branch visits.

While banks may see closures as a way to improve efficiency, the impact on local cash access is significant and detrimental especially to low-income and rural areas.

Reduced Cash Access Creates Demand for ATMs

When a branch closes, customers often lose access to important banking services like teller withdrawals and in-branch ATMs. For independent ATM owners, then, this gap creates new demand, particularly in areas where the next closest branch is several miles away and public transportation is limited.

Bank branch closures are most common in low-income and rural areas. These populations rely heavily on cash as many residents are likely underbanked. In these cases, an independently owned ATM becomes the primary cash access point for an entire neighborhood.

Increased Transaction Volume Opportunities

As an ATM owner/operator, it’s important to understand how bank branch closures affect ATM usage as well. Keep in mind that ATMs in neighborhoods that have experienced bank branch closures will see higher ATM withdrawal frequencies and larger average withdrawal amounts. Therefore, surcharge fees may increase due to limited alternatives.  

ATM owners who strategically place machines in locations near closed branches often see a noticeable increase in transaction volume within months. So how can ATM owners intentionally target these locations?

How to Identify Post-Closure ATM Opportunities

Identifying the best opportunities after bank branch closures requires more than noticing an empty building. Successful ATM owners combine local awareness with data-driven decisions and strategic partnerships to determine where demand will actually materialize.

Branch Closure Tracking and Market Intelligence

One of the most effective strategies is actively tracking announced and recent bank branch closures. Public regulatory filings, bank press releases, and local news often reveal closures months before they occur. Furthermore, the FDIC requires that banks notify customers at least 90 days before closing and post signs at the branch 30 days prior. This advance notice gives ATM owners time to evaluate surrounding neighborhoods and secure placement agreements before competitors move in.

Owners who consistently monitor closure data can spot patterns—such as clusters of closures in suburban or rural markets—that indicate sustained, long-term demand rather than temporary disruption.

Demographic and Cash-Usage Analysis

Not all areas affected by branch closures will generate strong ATM performance. Insight into local demographics helps ATM owners focus on markets where cash use remains high. Census data, consumer spending reports, and local economic development resources can help confirm whether a closed-branch area is likely to support consistent ATM usage.

Specifically, there might be greater demand in areas with a high concentration of hourly workers or tipped employees. Neighborhoods with limited access to alternative financial services can also benefit from independent ATM services. And, communities with older populations or lower smartphone adoption might rely more on ATMs.

ATM and Banking Location Mapping

Mapping tools are critical for visualizing cash-access gaps. By plotting former bank branches alongside existing ATMs and remaining financial institutions, ATM owners can identify “cash-” or “banking deserts” where demand is likely to concentrate.

These tools also help assess distance to the nearest bank or credit union, walkability and foot traffic, and competitive ATM density and surcharge ranges. A location that looks marginal on paper may become highly attractive once nearby branch access disappears.

Local Business Partnerships

Retailers located near closed branches often experience an increase in cash-related customer requests. Proactively approaching convenience stores, grocery stores, bars, and service-based businesses in these areas can lead to mutually beneficial placement agreements.

For ATM owners, these partnerships offer built-in foot traffic from displaced bank customers, shared interest in keeping customers on-site longer, and opportunities for lower placement costs in exchange for revenue sharing.

Business owners frequently welcome ATMs as a way to offset card processing fees and capture sales that might otherwise go elsewhere.

Performance Monitoring and Rapid Deployment

Finally, ATM owners who already operate machines nearby can use transaction data to spot early signals of increased demand. Rising withdrawal frequency or larger average withdrawals often indicate that a branch closure is pushing users toward alternative access points.

Operators who can quickly redeploy machines or install additional units in response to these trends are best positioned to capitalize on post-closure demand before the market becomes saturated.

Challenges for ATM Owners Under Heavy Transaction Loads

ATM owners who are able to serve communities that have experienced bank branch closures might see higher usage, but that also increases the operational workload. Higher usage means more frequent cash replenishment. And there is more at stake if machines go offline or experience downtime for any reason.

When serving “banking deserts,” there is a greater importance placed on monitoring, maintenance, and fraud prevention. ATM owners must ensure their infrastructure can scale with increased demand, especially in areas where customers have few alternatives.

Finally, ATM owners should be sensitive to community considerations when setting surcharge fees, balancing profitability with community impact. Excessive surcharges can create backlash in underserved areas while transparent pricing builds trust and repeat usage. 

The Long-Term Outlook for ATM Owners

Bank branch closures are reshaping how consumers access cash. For ATM owners, these changes present a rare combination of increased demand and strategic opportunity, provided operators are thoughtful about placement, pricing, and reliability.

Despite hints to a cashless future, bank branch closures suggest the opposite reality for many communities: cash is still essential, but access points are shrinking.

For ATM owners, this means that ATMs remain relevant in the financial ecosystem. There are strong opportunities in underserved and transitional markets. And there is a greater need for smarter placement, reliable uptime, and community-aware pricing.

In communities affected by branch closures, ATM owners often become a critical financial access point rather than just a convenience service. So ATM owners should do their research and offer services and surcharges that really serve their communities.

As banks pull back from physical locations, independent ATM owners are increasingly stepping forward as the backbone of everyday cash access. But not every closed branch location translates into a profitable ATM opportunity. Smart placement depends on a variety of factors. Therefore, data-driven placement decisions are becoming a key differentiator for successful ATM operators.

Think you’ve identified an area that could benefit from independent ATM service? Contact us today to get started!